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Nuclear Power Plant Operating Principle

The fission reaction occurs in uranium-235 and uranium-238 fuel pellets in pressurized water reactor. The pellets are inserted into fuel tubes that are bundled together. Fission reactions require the presence of neutrons. Initially, upon reactor startup, a number of neutrons are emitted, and these neutrons are subsequently absorbed by the uranium elements, initiating the fission reaction. A single neutron reacts with a uranium nucleus, leads to the emission of roughly two additional neutrons, which, in turn, engage with other nuclei, initiating a chain reaction.

 

Energy produced from these fission reactions is transferred to the water within the reactor. Within a typical pressurized water reactor, the pressure reaches 15 MPa, preventing the water from boiling due to the high pressure. The circulation of water in the primary coolant loop is maintained by reactor cooling pumps. (Primary Coolant Loop)

The quality of steam produced in steam generator is determined by its low water content, which minimizes negative effects on turbine blades. High water content in steam can lead to water droplets hit the turbine blades, causing erosion. Additionally, high water content in steam reduces efficiency in energy systems. High-quality steam drives the rotation of steam turbine blades. This rotational motion is converted into electrical energy through a generator. (Secondary Steam Cycle)

 

After the steam passes through the turbine, it is converted back into water phase in the condenser using cooling water from sources such as cooling towers or sea/river. The water is returned back to the reactor by pumps and the cycle is completed. Thus, the pressurized water reactor ensures the delivery of a safe and highly efficient nuclear power generation.


The fission reaction occurs in uranium-235 and uranium-238 fuel pellets in pressurized water reactor. The pellets are inserted into fuel tubes that are bundled together. Fission reactions require the presence of neutrons. Initially, upon reactor startup,
Energy produced from these fission reactions is transferred to the water within the reactor. Within a typical pressurized water reactor, the pressure reaches 15 MPa, preventing the water from boiling due to the high pressure. The circulation of water in t
The quality of steam produced in steam generator is determined by its low water content, which minimizes negative effects on turbine blades. High water content in steam can lead to water droplets hit the turbine blades, causing erosion. Additionally, high
The quality of steam produced in steam generator is determined by its low water content, which minimizes negative effects on turbine blades. High water content in steam can lead to water droplets hit the turbine blades, causing erosion. Additionally, high
After the steam passes through the turbine, it is converted back into water phase in the condenser using cooling water from sources such as cooling towers or sea/river. The water is returned back to the reactor by pumps and the cycle is completed. Thus, t